New York State Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Practice Exam

In a situation where a patient is entrapped and breathing shallowly with an absent radial pulse, what is the appropriate action?

1. Maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated

2. Secure her with a short backboard or vest device

3. Stabilize her condition before extrication begins

4. Begin CPR as the rescue team begins extrication

The correct answer is: Maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated

In the scenario described, where a patient is entrapped and exhibiting shallow breathing along with an absent radial pulse, the priority is to maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated. This focus on spinal stabilization is critical because any movement could potentially exacerbate a spinal injury if one is present. While managing the patient's airway and breathing is also important, spinal protection must be prioritized to prevent further injury during the extrication process. The patient’s shallow breathing indicates respiratory distress, highlighting the need for careful handling to prevent any inappropriate movement that could worsen their condition. Additionally, while the idea of securing the patient with a short backboard or vest device may seem appropriate, effective spinal stabilization is best achieved through careful management during the rescue. The decision to stabilize the condition before extrication begins might lead to delays in getting the patient to definitive care, especially since immediate life threats like inadequate breathing must also be addressed concurrently. Finally, while initiating CPR is crucial in cases of cardiac arrest, the context here focuses on extrication and stabilization rather than immediate resuscitation measures, which wouldn’t be the priority if the patient is still exhibiting some form of breathing, albeit shallow. Thus, the optimal approach in this situation emphasizes keeping the patient’s spine stable while progressing with