New York State Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Practice Exam

What criteria indicates that an epinephrine auto-injector should be used?

1. Ventricular fibrillation present

2. History of asthma with wheezing

3. Patient showing signs of shock

4. Anaphylactic reaction symptoms are observed

The correct answer is: Anaphylactic reaction symptoms are observed

The use of an epinephrine auto-injector is primarily indicated when a patient is experiencing symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction. Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can manifest with a variety of symptoms, including difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat, hives, and a rapid drop in blood pressure. The administration of epinephrine works by counteracting these severe symptoms, improving airway patency, increasing blood pressure, and reducing swelling in the throat. While other conditions like a history of asthma with wheezing or signs of shock may require medical intervention, they do not specifically indicate the immediate need for epinephrine. For instance, wheezing in asthma can often be treated with bronchodilators, and shock may require other forms of resuscitation and fluid management. Epinephrine is specifically targeted for life-threatening allergic reactions, making its prompt use crucial in cases of anaphylaxis.