New York State Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Practice Exam

What is the most important consideration for a patient with severe abdominal pain, distention, and guarding?

1. Transport him to a supine position

2. Be alert for signs and symptoms of shock

3. Assess his blood pressure to determine perfusion adequacy

4. Determine the exact location and cause of his pain

The correct answer is: Be alert for signs and symptoms of shock

In cases of severe abdominal pain, distention, and guarding, the most critical consideration is being alert for signs and symptoms of shock. These symptoms indicate that the patient could be experiencing a serious underlying condition, such as internal bleeding, which can lead to hypovolemic shock. It's essential to monitor for changes in vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, and mental status, as these can provide vital information about the patient’s condition. Recognizing shock early can be life-saving, as it allows for prompt interventions to stabilize the patient. Effective management may include ensuring airway, breathing, circulation, and preparing for rapid transport to comprehensive medical care. While other options may seem relevant – like assessing blood pressure or determining the pain's exact cause – the immediate priority should focus on identifying and managing any shock symptoms a patient may exhibit due to the potentially life-threatening nature of their condition.