New York State Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Practice Exam

What is the primary function of amniotic fluid?

1. Transfer oxygen to the fetus

2. Insulate and protect the fetus

3. Remove viruses from the fetus

4. Assist in fetal development

The correct answer is: Insulate and protect the fetus

The primary function of amniotic fluid is to insulate and protect the fetus. Amniotic fluid creates a cushioned environment within the amniotic sac, which serves to absorb shocks and protect the developing fetus from potential physical trauma. Additionally, this fluid helps maintain a consistent temperature, ensuring that the fetus is insulated against extreme temperature changes outside the womb. While amniotic fluid does play a role in fetal development by allowing for movement, which is crucial for musculoskeletal growth, its main function centers around protection and cushioning. It does not transfer oxygen to the fetus – oxygen is delivered through the placenta via maternal blood. The fluid also does not actively remove viruses; instead, the placenta provides a barrier to certain pathogens. Thus, insulating and protecting the fetus remains the central role of amniotic fluid during gestation.