New York State Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Practice Exam

Which type of stress reaction is caused by exposure to multiple minor stressors over a long period?

1. Acute stress reaction

2. Cumulative stress reaction

3. Posttraumatic stress reaction

4. Critical incident stress reaction

The correct answer is: Cumulative stress reaction

Cumulative stress reaction occurs as a result of prolonged exposure to multiple minor stressors over an extended time. This type of reaction develops gradually, often without a specific triggering event, as the individual becomes overwhelmed by the ongoing strain and stressors they encounter in their environment or job. Unlike acute stress reactions, which generally arise from a singular traumatic event, cumulative stress reactions build up over time and can lead to significant mental and emotional health issues if not addressed. The distinction is crucial because emotional resilience can be tested differently based on the type and duration of stress experienced. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of cumulative stress reaction is important in the field of emergency medical services, where professionals may be continuously exposed to difficult situations and need to take appropriate self-care measures or seek support to mitigate the effects of this chronic stress exposure.